1-1 对立法 : 先引出其他人的不同看法,然后提出自己的看法或者偏向于某一看法,适用于有争议性的主题.，
例如(e.g)，
[1]. When asked about....., the vast/overwhelming majority of ，people，say that ....... But I think/view a bit differently.，

[2]. When it comes to .... , some people bielive that ....... ，Others，argue/claim that the opposite/reverse is true . There is probably some ，truth，in both arguements/statements , but (I tend to the profer/latter ...)，

[3]. Now, it is commonly/generally/widely ，believed/held/acknowledged，that .... They claim/believe/argue that ... But I wonder/doubt ，whether.....，，

1-2 现象法 引出要剖析的现象或者问题, 然后评论 .，
e.g，
[1]. Recently the rise in problem of/(phenomenon of) ... has ，
cause/，
aroused public/popular/wide/worldwide concern.，

[2]. Recently the issue of the problem of/the phenomenon of ...，
has been brought into focus. ( has been brouth to public attention)，

[3].Inflation/Corruption/Social inequality ... is yet another of ，
the，
new and bitter truth we have to learn to face now/constantly.，
----- To be continued !!，
，

1-3 观点法 ----开门见山,直接了当地提出自己对要讨论的问题的看法.，
e.g:，
[1]. Never history has the change of .. been as evident as ...，
Nowhere in the world/China has the issue/idea of .. benn more visible/，
popular than...，

[2]. Now people in growing/significant numbers are beginnig/，
coming to realize/accept/(be aware) that...，

[3]. Now there is a growing awareness/recognation ot the ，
necessity，
to......，
Now people become increasingly aware/conscious of the importance of ，
......，

[4]. Perhaps it is time to have a fresh look at the ，
attitude/idea，
that.......，
，

1-4 引用法 ----- 先引出名人名言或者有代表性的看法, 来引出文章要展开论述，
的观点!，e.g:，
[1]. "Knowledge is power." such is the remark made by Bacon.This ，
remark，
has been shared by more and more people .，
"Education is not complete with gradulation." Such is the opnion ，
of a，
great American philosopher. Now more and more people share his opnion.，

[2]."........." How often we hear such statements/words like ，
thoses，
/this .，
In our own days we are used to hearing such traditional ，
complains as，
this "......".，
，

1-5 比较法 ------ 通过对过去,现在 两种不同的倾向,观点的比较 , 引出文章，
要讨论的观点.，
e.g:，
[1]. For years, ...had been viewed as ... But people are taking ，
a fresh，
look now. With the growing ... , people ....... .，

[2]. People used to think that ... (In the past, ....) But ，
people now，
share this new .，
，

1-6 故事法 ---- 先讲一个较短的故事来引发读者的兴趣, 引出文章的主题.，
e.g:，
大学英语四级六级考试
[1]. Once in (a newspaper) , I read of/learnt .... The ，
phenemenon of，
... has aroused public concern.，

[2]. I have a friend who ... Should he .... ? Such a dilemma we ，
are，
often confront with in our daily life.，

[3]. Once upon a time , there lived a man who ... This story may ，
be，
(unbelievable) , but it still has a realistic significance now.，
，

1-8 问题法 ----- 先用讨论或解答的设问, 引出自己观点, 适用于有争议性的，
话题.，
e.g:，
Should/What ...... ? Options of ... vary greatly , some ..., ，
others ...，
But in my opinion , ...... .，