2016考研英语长难句(七)
In1968 an American ecologist, Garrett Hardin, published an article entitled “The Tragedy of the Commons”. He argued that when a resource is held jointly, it is inindividuals‟ self-interest to deplete it, so peoplewill tend to undermine their collective long-term interest by over-exploitingrather than protecting that asset. Such a tragedy is now unfolding, causingserious damage to a resource that covers almost half the surface of the Earth.The high seas are a commons.
词汇突破:
1.Garrett Hardin 和 TheTragedy of the Commons
加内特哈丁;《公地悲剧》这是这位教授非常有名的一篇文章;他还提出过救生艇伦理学(Lifeboat Ethics); 他的很多理论甚是经典,能解释我们现在所很多的全球化的问题。
解释:一个向众人开放的牧场,在其中每个牧羊人的直接利益取决于他所放牧的牲畜数量的多少。由于在缺乏约束的条件,当存在过度放牧问题时,每个牧羊人虽然明知公地会退化,但个人博弈的最优策略仍然只能是增加牲畜数量,久而久之,牧场可能彻底退化或废弃。这就是“公地悲剧”。
2. be in someone‟sinterest 符合某人利益
3. deplete 减少,耗尽
4. undermine 破坏
5. unfold 展现
6. high seas 公海
7. asset 财产
8. over-exploiting 过度开发
9. ecologist 生态学家
10. rather than 而不是
句子解析:
1. In 1968 an American ecologist, GarrettHardin, published an article entitled “The Tragedy ofthe Commons”.
1968年美国的生态学家加内特哈丁,出版了名为公地悲剧的文章。
2. He argued that when a resource is heldjointly, it is in individuals‟ self-interest to depleteit, so people will tend to undermine their collective long-term interest byover-exploiting rather than protecting that asset.
他指出当资源是共有的时候,耗尽这些资源是符合个人利益的。所以人们就倾向于通过过度的开发来破坏长远的集体利益,而不是保护这些资源。
3. Such a tragedy is now unfolding, causing serious damage to a resource that covers almost half thesurface of the Earth. The high seas are a commons.
这种悲剧正在上演,对覆盖地球几乎一半面积的一种资源造成了严重的危害。公海就是公地。
考研更多真题资料及其经验分享欢迎加入中公考研群(462547575) |