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[考研类] 2016考研英语长难句(七) [复制链接] qrcode

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yangkl09
发表于: 2015-8-27 20:06:21 | 显示全部楼层






2016考研英语长难句(七)

In1968 an American ecologist, Garrett Hardin, published an article entitled “The Tragedy of the Commons”. He argued that when a resource is held jointly, it is inindividuals‟ self-interest to deplete it, so peoplewill tend to undermine their collective long-term interest by over-exploitingrather than protecting that asset. Such a tragedy is now unfolding, causingserious damage to a resource that covers almost half the surface of the Earth.The high seas are a commons.

  词汇突破:
  1.Garrett Hardin 和 TheTragedy of the Commons
  加内特哈丁;《公地悲剧》这是这位教授非常有名的一篇文章;他还提出过救生艇伦理学(Lifeboat Ethics); 他的很多理论甚是经典,能解释我们现在所很多的全球化的问题。
   解释:一个向众人开放的牧场,在其中每个牧羊人的直接利益取决于他所放牧的牲畜数量的多少。由于在缺乏约束的条件,当存在过度放牧问题时,每个牧羊人虽然明知公地会退化,但个人博弈的最优策略仍然只能是增加牲畜数量,久而久之,牧场可能彻底退化或废弃。这就是“公地悲剧”。
  2. be in someone‟sinterest 符合某人利益
  3. deplete 减少,耗尽
  4. undermine 破坏
  5. unfold 展现
  6. high seas 公海
  7. asset 财产
  8. over-exploiting 过度开发
  9. ecologist 生态学家
  10. rather than 而不是
  句子解析:
  1. In 1968 an American ecologist, GarrettHardin, published an article entitled “The Tragedy ofthe Commons”.
  1968年美国的生态学家加内特哈丁,出版了名为公地悲剧的文章。
   2. He argued that when a resource is heldjointly, it is in individuals‟ self-interest to depleteit, so people will tend to undermine their collective long-term interest byover-exploiting rather than protecting that asset.
  他指出当资源是共有的时候,耗尽这些资源是符合个人利益的。所以人们就倾向于通过过度的开发来破坏长远的集体利益,而不是保护这些资源。
   3. Such a tragedy is now unfolding, causing serious damage to a resource that covers almost half thesurface of the Earth. The high seas are a commons.
这种悲剧正在上演,对覆盖地球几乎一半面积的一种资源造成了严重的危害。公海就是公地。
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