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[考博类] 新东方名师:四级阅读选词填空浅析 [复制链接] qrcode

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爱乌及屋
发表于: 2013-5-30 11:09:06 | 显示全部楼层

 选词填空
  选词填空和完形填空类似,都是用选项中的单词,完成有缺失信息的文章。而不同点在于,完形填空的文章的每个空对应4个选项,而选词填空的文章的10个空同时对应15个选项。所以选词填空也在江湖上被称之为“15选10”。
  解题思路
  选词填空题目的解答分为三个步骤
  1 标注选项单词的词性。
  2 分析空缺成分的词性。
  3 根据词性,匹配选项。
  真题演练
  以2010年6月考试的选词填空为例:
  When we think of green buildings, we tend to think of new ones – the kind of high-tech, solar-paneled masterpieces that make the covers of architecture magazines. But the U.S. has more than 100 million existing homes, and it would be? 47? wasteful to tear them all down and? 48? them with greener versions. An enormous amount of energy and resources went into the construction of those houses. And it would take an average of 65 years for the? 49? carbon emissions from a new energy-efficient home to make up for the resources lost by destroying an old one. So in the broadest? 50 , the greenest home is the one that has already been built. But at the same time, nearly half of U. S. carbon emissions come from heating, cooling and? 51? our homes, offices and other buildings. "You can't deal with climate change without dealing with existing buildings," says Richard Moe, the president of the National Trust.
  With some? 52 , the oldest homes tend to be the least energy-efficient. Houses built before 1939 use about 50% more energy per square foot than those built after 2000, mainly due to the tiny cracks and gaps that? 53? over time and let in more outside air. Fortunately, there are a? 54? number of relatively simple changes that can green older homes, from? 55? ones like Lincoln's Cottage to your own postwar home. And efficiency upgrades (升级) can save more than just the earth; they can help? 56? property owners from rising power costs.
  A) accommodations I) protect
  B) clumsyJ) reduced
  C) doubtfullyK) replace
  D) exceptionsL) sense
  E) expand M) shifted
  F) historic N) supplying
  G) incredibly O) vast
  H) powering
  首先,分析各个选项词性。
  分析词性同学注意三点。一,单词词性很多,但选词填空正确答案一般不会出现陌生单词或熟词偏义,所以分析常见词性即可。二,不认识的单词尽量通过词尾,结合熟悉单词,猜测词性。比如emancipation。虽然这个词同学并没有见过,但我们通过大量的熟悉的-ion结尾的名词,可以猜出emancipation也为名词。三,尽量标注出该词的语态或时态。
  分析题目中十五个选项的词性。
  A)accommodations(名词复数)B)clumsy(形容词)C)doubtfully(副词) D)exceptions(名词复数) E)expand(动词原形)F historic(形容词)G)incredibly(副词) H)powering(动词ing) I)protect(动词原形)J)reduced(动词ed或形容词) K)replace(动词原形) L)sense(名词) M)shifted(动词ed) N)supplying(动词ing) O)vast(形容词)
  接下来,我们一起分析文章的空缺成分,匹配选项。在分析空缺部分时,同学可以不用通读全文,只要读和空缺部分有关的信息即可。
  47题。and it would be? 47? wasteful to… 空缺部分后wasteful为形容词,易得出空缺部分应为副词。备选选项中仅有两个副词,G选项incredibly(极其的,不可置信的)符合上下文语义,为正确答案。
  48题。…tear them all down and? 48? them with greener versions… 从并列关系上看,48题空缺部分对应前文tear这个词,应该同为一个动词原形。备选选项中3个动词原形,K选项 replace(替换) 语义符合上下文,为正确答案。
  49题。 And it would take an average of 65 years for the? 49? carbon emissions… carbon emissions 即使不认识也能分析出这是个名词词组,49空缺一个形容词。J选项reduced(减少的)更符合语义,为正确答案。
  50题。So in the broadest? 50 , 50题空缺部分前为形容词最高级,所以空缺部分应为名词。15个选项中A,D,L为名词。L选项sense和broad是固定搭配,(broad sense 广义)所以L为正确答案。
  51题。nearly half of U. S. carbon emissions come from heating, cooling and? 51? our homes, 通过并列关系分析,空缺部分应为动词ing形式。两个备选选项符合条件。语义判断,H选项 powering(驱动,提供动力)为正确答案。
  52题。With some 52…? 52空缺部分在some后,分析应为名词。备选选项名词只剩两个。语义判断 D选项exceptions(特例,例外)为正确答案。
  53题。mainly due to the tiny cracks and gaps that? 53? over time… 53题空缺部分为定语从句中的谓语动词。语义判断,E选项expand(扩大)符合上下文,为正确答案。
  54题。there are a? 54? number of relatively simple changes… 空缺部分在a和number之间,一定是修饰number的形容词。O选项 vast(大量的)更符合该句语义,为正确答案。
  55题。from? 55? ones like Lincoln‘s Cottage…空缺部分为修饰ones的形容词。结合后文的Lincoln,此处正确答案为F选项 historic(历史的)。
  56题。they can help? 56? property owners from rising power costs. 初高中老师一直在讲的,help do sth. 所以56题缺失动词原形。结合后文的from doing sth 的句型。易得出正确答案 I选项protect(保护)。
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